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Several issues are considered during execution of
colectomy:
- Disease under treatment
- Mental preparation of the patient
- Circumstances during operation
- Maintenance of a particular routine, laxatives and a low-residue diet
Open Colectomy Surgery
In partial colectomy that is the treatment of diverticular bleeding or diverticulitis, the diseased colon part is removed by making an incision in the abdomen. Then, the remaining sections are joined. The surgeon performs partial colectomy keeping the patient under the spell of general anesthesia. It is an open surgical procedure.
In some cases, partial colectomy may be a two-stage operation. In the first surgery, the diseased colon part is removed and the second surgery is performed to reconnect the colon ends. The second surgery is done six to twelve weeks after the first one.
Laparoscopic Colectomy Surgery
Laparoscopic partial colectomy is more effective and beneficial than open partial colectomy. The surgeon makes some small incisions in the wall of the abdomen to perform laparoscopic surgery. A laparoscopic tube with a camera is inserted into the abdomen through the incision to visualize the interior from outside the body. Laparoscopic procedure of colectomy is shorter than open procedure of colectomy. Recovery is faster and shorter in case of laparoscopic surgery than open surgery.
Types of Colectomy
Right hemicolectomy refers to the surgery
of the right or ascending colon.
Left hemicolectomy refers to the surgery
of the left or descending colon.
Extended hemicolectomy refers to the
surgery of the transverse colon.
Subtotal colectomy refers to the partial
resection of colon.
Proctocolectomy refers to the complete
resection of colon along with that of rectum.
Sigmoidectomy refers to the surgery
of the sigmoid colon as well as rectum.
The complications that the victims of diverticulitis
experience:
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The partial blockage of colon |
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A narrow mark in the large intestine |
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Repeated hemorrhages in the intestine |
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The complete blockage of the intestine |
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Fistula, an unusual opening between the uterus,
bladder or vagina and the intestine |
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A mild attack of cancer |
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Repeated diverticular attacks |
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Peritonitis, an infection in the abdominal cavity |
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Sepsis, an infection that spreads all over the
body through blood |
Recovery
In case of open colectomy, patients are required to stay in hospital for
four to seven days. But, hospital stay for those who undergo laparoscopic
surgery is shorter. It is better to restrict movement and activity at
the post-operative stage for fast recovery. Some medications are given
to lessen pain and discomfort due to swelling. It takes nearly four to
five weeks to recover absolutely.
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